TY - JOUR T1 - Up-Regulation and Increased Activity of K<sub>V</sub>3.4 Channels and Their Accessory Subunit MinK-Related Peptide 2 Induced by Amyloid Peptide Are Involved in Apoptotic Neuronal Death JF - Molecular Pharmacology JO - Mol Pharmacol SP - 665 LP - 673 DO - 10.1124/mol.107.034868 VL - 72 IS - 3 AU - A. Pannaccione AU - F. Boscia AU - A. Scorziello AU - A. Adornetto AU - P. Castaldo AU - R. Sirabella AU - M. Taglialatela AU - G. F. Di Renzo AU - L. Annunziato Y1 - 2007/09/01 UR - http://molpharm.aspetjournals.org/content/72/3/665.abstract N2 - The aim of the present study was to investigate whether KV3.4 channel subunits are involved in neuronal death induced by neurotoxic β-amyloid peptides (Aβ). In particular, to test this hypothesis, three main questions were addressed: 1) whether the Aβ peptide can up-regulate both the transcription/translation and activity of KV3.4 channel subunit and its accessory subunit, MinK-related peptide 2 (MIRP2); 2) whether the increase in KV3.4 expression and activity can be mediated by the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) family of transcriptional factors; and 3) whether the specific inhibition of KV3.4 channel subunit reverts the Aβ peptide-induced neurodegeneration in hippocampal neurons and nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC-12 cells. We found that Aβ1–42 treatment induced an increase in KV3.4 and MIRP2 transcripts and proteins, detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis, respectively, in NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells and hippocampal neurons. Patch-clamp experiments performed in whole-cell configuration revealed that the Aβ peptide caused an increase in IA current amplitude carried by KV3.4 channel subunits, as revealed by their specific blockade with blood depressing substance-I (BDS-I) in both hippocampal neurons and NGF-differentiated PC-12 cells. The inhibition of NF-κB nuclear translocation with the cell membrane-permeable peptide SN-50 prevented the increase in KV3.4 protein and transcript expression. In addition, the SN-50 peptide was able to block Aβ1–42-induced increase in KV3.4 K+ currents and to prevent cell death caused by Aβ1–42 exposure. Finally, BDS-I produced a similar neuroprotective effect by inhibiting the increase in KV3.4 expression. As a whole, our data indicate that KV3.4 channels could be a novel target for Alzheimer's disease pharmacological therapy. The American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics ER -