TABLE 1

Responses of a range of β-blockers at the level of cAMP accumulation and CRE-mediated gene transcription (SPAP)

Values represent mean ± S.E.M. of n determinations

	cAMP Accumulation				CRE-Mediated SPAP Production
β-Blockers	log EC₅₀ or IC₅₀	E_max (% Basal)^a	Percentage of Maximum Isoprenaline Response^b	n	log EC₅₀ or IC₅₀	E_max (% Basal)^a	Percentage of Maximum Isoprenaline Response^b	n
Agonists
Labetolol	−8.08 ± 0.02	448.8 ± 46.7	8.5 ± 0.6	12	−8.76 ± 0.04	371.6 ± 27.3	66.9 ± 5.2	14
Acebutolol	−6.01 ± 0.06	295.2 ± 36.0	3.8 ± 0.6	4	−6.41 ± 0.06	315.0 ± 25.9	54.1 ± 1.9	11
Pindolol	−8.96 ± 0.06	252.1 ± 7.7	3.3 ± 0.5	4	−9.39 ± 0.07	329.6 ± 23.9	54.1 ± 2.6	11
Alprenolol	−9.08 ± 0.04	201.3 ± 10.4	3.0 ± 0.7	12	−9.42 ± 0.03	310.8 ± 8.7	48.5 ± 1.4	28
Carvedilol	−9.10 ± 0.08	194.7 ± 10.6	1.0 ± 0.04	6	−9.32 ± 0.15	208.2 ± 10.8	20.7 ± 1.3	11
CGP 20712A	N.R.			8	−5.90 ± 0.17	142.5 ± 5.4	12.3 ± 1.4	8
Inverse agonists
Timolol	−8.89 ± 0.09	72.1 ± 4.5		5	N.R.			9
Bisoprolol	−6.70 ± 0.13	71.0 ± 6.1		4	N.R.			13
Metoprolol	−7.22 ± 0.21	70.4 ± 6.2		6	N.R.			6
Sotalol	−6.79 ± 0.12	47.0 ± 6.0		4	N.R.			8
Bupranolol	−9.55 ± 0.07	25.3 ± 1.0		4	N.R.			7
Atenolol	−6.63 ± 0.33	55.1 ± 7.7		5	−6.49 ± 0.16	84.1 ± 4.6		4
ICI 118551	−9.08 ± 0.18	36.1 ± 4.4		8	−9.62 ± 0.13	85.6 ± 2.7		9
Propranolol
(±)-Propranolol	−9.17 ± 0.08	54.2 ± 7.3		7	−9.40 ± 0.05	154.9 ± 3.5	14.2 ± 0.9	25
R(+)-Propranolol	−7.31 ± 0.04	34.12 ± 0.74		3	−7.74 ± 0.34	179.0 ± 15.9	13.5 ± 0.9	4
S(−)-Propranolol	−9.19 ± 0.05	32.0 ± 2.14		3	−9.54 ± 0.10	176.3 ± 16.7	11.4 ± 1.3	3

N.R., no response
↵ a Maximal response to each β-blocker expressed as a percentage of untreated basal response.
↵ b Maximum response to each β-blocker expressed as a percentage of the isoprenaline response determined in the same experiment.