TABLE 6
Structures of the ligands tested and their efficacy pattern towards AC and ERK1/2 pathways on the two β-adrenergic subtypes.
Ligand | Structure | β1AR | β2AR | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| AC | ERK1/2 | AC | ERK1/2 | ||||
| Isoproterenol |
| AGO | AGO | AGO | AGO | ||
| Labetalol |
| AGO | NEUT | AGO | AGO | ||
| Bucindolol |
| AGO | AGO | NEUT | AGO | ||
| Carvedilol |
| ||||||
| Propranolol |
| INV | AGO | INV | AGO | ||
| Metoprolol |
| INV | NEUT | INV | INV | ||
| Bisoprolol |
| ||||||
| Atendol |
| ||||||
-
AGO, partial or full agonist, NEUT, considered as neutral antagonist; INV, inverse agonist.