Examples of genes showing post-transcriptional regulation by glucocorticoids Selected examples of genes that are inhibited by glucocorticoids. Details of the mode of repression, cell type, and inducing stimulus are provided. The ability of either transcriptional or translational inhibitors, when added after the glucocorticoid, to block the repressive effects of glucocorticoids (Y), is given in the column “Sensitivity to Transcriptional or Translational Blockade.”
Common Name (Gene Symbol) | Mode of Repression by Glucocorticoids | Cell Type | Stimulus | Sensitivity to Transcriptional or Translational Blockade | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bradykinin B1 receptor (BDKRB1) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (HEL299) | TNFα | ND | Haddad et al., 2000 |
| Bradykinin B2 receptor (BDKRB2) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (HEL299) | TNFα | ND | Haddad et al., 2000 |
| COX-2 (PTGS2) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (IMR-90) | IL-1β | Y | Ristimaki et al., 1996 |
| Transcriptional/mRNA stability | Human pulmonary type II (A549) | IL-1β | Y | Newton et al., 1998b | |
| mRNA stability p38 MAPK | Human fibroblast (Hela) | MKK6 | Y | Lasa et al., 2001 | |
| Cyclin D3 | mRNA stability | Murine T lymphoma (P1798) | Cell cycle | Y | Reisman and Thompson, 1995 |
| IFN β (Ifnb1) | mRNA stability | Murine fibroblast (L929) | - | N | Peppel et al., 1991 |
| GM-CSF (CSF1) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (WI38) | TNFα | Y | Tobler et al., 1992 |
| IL-4Rα (IL4R) | mRNA stability | Human lymphocytes | PMA | ND | Mozo et al., 1998 |
| Translational/post-translational | Human PBMC | LPS | ND | Kern et al., 1988 | |
| IL-1β (IL1B) | Post-transcriptional | Human monocytic (U937) | LPS | ND | Knudsen et al., 1987 |
| Transcriptional/mRNA stability | Human monocytic (U937) | PMA/ LPS | Y | Lee et al., 1988 | |
| IL-6 (IL6) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (WI38) | TNFα | Y | Tobler et al., 1992 |
| IL-8 (CXCL8) | mRNA stability | Human lung fibroblast (WI38) | TNFα | Y | Tobler et al., 1992 |
| Transcriptional/mRNA stability | Human pulmonary type II (A549) | IL-1β | Y | Chivers et al., 2006 | |
| IL-11 (CCL27) | Transcriptional/mRNA stability | Human pulmonary type II (A549) | TGFβ | ND | Wang et al., 1999 |
| iNOS (NOS2) | mRNA stability | Murine macrophage (J774) | LPS | Y | Korhonen et al., 2002 |
| MCP-1 (CCL2) | mRNA stability | Rat arterial smooth muscle cells | PDGF | N |
Poon et al., 1999
|
IFN, interferon; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; MKK, Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase; PMA, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate; LPS, lipopolysaccharide; PDGF, platelet-derived growth factor; GM-CSF, granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor; PBMC, peripheral blood mononuclear cell; iNOS, inducible nitric-oxide synthase; Y, yes, N, no; N.D., not determined