Brain expression and signaling of H3R isoforms from different species
The human H3R329a and H3R329b isoforms possess the same number of amino acids but differ in the region where alternative splicing occurs.
| Species | Isoform (aa) | Expression in the Central Nervous System | Signaling | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Human | H3(445) | Thalamus, striatum, cerebral cortex, cerebellum, amygdala, substantia nigra, hippocampus, hypothalamus, corpus callosum, spinal cord | ↓ cAMP, ↑ [Ca2+]i | Lovenberg et al., 1999; Nakamura et al., 2000; Cogé et al., 2001; Tardivel-Lacombe et al., 2001; Tsui, 2001; Wiedemann et al., 2002; Wellendorph et al., 2002; Gallagher and Yates, 2007; Bongers et al., 2007a,b |
| ↑ p42/p44-MAPK, | ||||
| ↑ [35S]-GTPγS binding | ||||
| H3(431) | Amygdala, cerebellum, striatum, thalamus, prefrontal cortex, striatum, | ND | ||
| H3(415) | Thalamus, cerebellum, amygdala | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ||
| H3(365) | Cerebellum, thalamus, hypothalamus, striatum, substantia nigra, hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex | ↑ [Ca2+]i, ↓ cAMP, | ||
| ↑ [35S]-GTPγS binding | ||||
| H3(329a) | Substantia nigra, amygdala, cerebral cortex, hypothalamus | NF | ||
| H3(326) | Substantia nigra, prefrontal cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus | ND | ||
| H3(413) | Striatum, amygdala | ND | ||
| H3(453) | ND | ↓ cAMP | ||
| H3(301) | ND | NF | ||
| H3(373) | Hippocampus, substantia nigra, amygdala, hypothalamus | ↓ cAMP | ||
| H3(309) | ND | NF | ||
| H3(221) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(409) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(329b) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(395) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(379) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(293) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(290) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(351) | ND | ND | ||
| H3(340) | ND | ND | ||
| Monkey | H3(445) | Frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, hippocampus, caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, thalamus, cerebellum | ↑ [Ca2+]i | Yao et al., 2003; Strakhova et al., 2008 |
| H3(413) | Frontal cortex, parietal cortex, para-hippocampal gyrus, caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, thalamus | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ||
| H3(410) | Frontal cortex, parietal cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, thalamus | ↑ [Ca2+]i | ||
| H3(335) | Frontal cortex, parietal cortex, occipital cortex, parahippocampal gyrus, Hippocampus, caudate nucleus, putamen, amygdala, thalamus, cerebellum | NF | ||
| Rat | H3(445) | Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, hypothalamus, striatum, brainstem, cerebellum, olfactory tuberculum, spinal cord | ↓ cAMP, | Lovenberg et al., 2000; Drutel et al., 2001; Morisset et al., 2001; Bakker et al., 2006; Gbahou et al., 2012 |
| ↑ p42/p44-MAPK | ||||
| H3(413) | Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, striatum | ↓ cAMP, | ||
| ↑ p42/p44-MAPK | ||||
| ↑ [3H]AA release | ||||
| ↑ [35S]-GTPγS binding | ||||
| H3(410) | Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, striatum | ND | ||
| H3(397) | Cerebral cortex, hippocampus, midbrain, hypothalamus, striatum, olfactory tuberculum | ↓ cAMP, | ||
| ↑ p42/p44-MAPK | ||||
| H3(497) | Cortex layers II–VIb, caudate-putamen, piriform cortex, hippocampus | NF | ||
| H3(465) | Cortex layers II–VIb, caudate-putamen, piriform cortex, hippocampus | NF | ||
| H3(449) | Cortex layers II–VIb, caudate-putamen, piriform cortex, hippocampus | NF | ||
| Mouse | H3(445) | Cerebral cortex, striatum, hypothalamus | ↑ [Ca2+]i | Chen et al., 2003; Rouleau et al., 2002 |
| H3(413) | Cerebral cortex, striatum, hypothalamus | ND | ||
| H3(397) | Cerebral cortex, striatum, hypothalamus | ND | ||
| Guinea pig | H3(445) | Cerebral cortex, striatum | ND | Tardivel-Lacombe et al., 2000 |
| H3(415) | Cerebral cortex, striatum | ND | ||
| Dog | H3(ND) | ND | ND | Ireland-Denny et al., 2001 |
↑, increase; ↓, decrease; AA, arachidonic acid; [Ca2+]i, intracellular Ca2+ concentration; ND, not determined; NF, nonfunctional.