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GM-CSF Expression in Pulmonary Epithelial Cells Is Regulated Negatively by Posttranscriptional Mechanisms

https://doi.org/10.1006/bbrc.2001.5569Get rights and content

Abstract

Incubation of pulmonary A549 cells with D609, a phosphatidyl-choline specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC)-inhibitor, or the anti-oxidant, pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PTDC), markedly increased IL-1β-induced GM-CSF elaboration. This effect was observed at the mRNA level and could be partially reproduced by the protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide. Following the peak in GM-CSF mRNA, the mRNA half-life (t1/2) was 0.5–1 h. This was increased to around 3 h by cycloheximide, whilst following D609 or PDTC treatment there was essentially no degradation. These data suggest the existence of inhibitory pathways that posttranscriptionally regulate GM-CSF expression via new protein synthesis and D609- and PDTC-sensitive steps. These observations may have important clinical implications. First, drugs that target gene induction may also knock out these inhibitory pathways to lessen their effect. Second, defects in such pathways could lead to overexpression of cytokines or growth factors and contribute to the pathogenesis of inflammatory or proliferative diseases.

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    Thus in many cases steady state mRNA levels were either unaffected or were potentiated. A similar effect was reported in respect of GM-CSF, expression of which was markedly increased by D609 via a mechanism that was at least partly due to a profound mRNA stabilization (63). This phenomenon, coupled with the global changes in histone acetylation observed following D609 treatment, have led us to treat these data with caution.

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To whom correspondence should be addressed at Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry, CV4 7AL,UK. Fax: 44 (0) 2476 523701. E-mail: [email protected].

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