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Drug Transporters pp 29–104Cite as

In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence of the Importance of Organic Anion Transporters (OATs) in Drug Therapy

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Part of the book series: Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology ((HEP,volume 201))

Abstract

Organic anion transporters 1-10 (OAT1-10) and the urate transporter 1 (URAT1) belong to the SLC22A gene family and accept a huge variety of chemically unrelated endogenous and exogenous organic anions including many frequently described drugs. OAT1 and OAT3 are located in the basolateral membrane of renal proximal tubule cells and are responsible for drug uptake from the blood into the cells. OAT4 in the apical membrane of human proximal tubule cells is related to drug exit into the lumen and to uptake of estrone sulfate and urate from the lumen into the cell. URAT1 is the major urate-absorbing transporter in the apical membrane and is a target for uricosuric drugs. OAT10, also located in the luminal membrane, transports nicotinate with high affinity and interacts with drugs. Major extrarenal locations of OATs include the blood–brain barrier for OAT3, the placenta for OAT4, the nasal epithelium for OAT6, and the liver for OAT2 and OAT7. For all transporters we provide information on cloning, tissue distribution, factors influencing OAT abundance, interaction with endogenous compounds and different drug classes, drug/drug interactions and, if known, single nucleotide polymorphisms.

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  1. Abteilung Vegetative Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Zentrum Physiologie und Pathophysiologie, Humboldtallee 23, 37073, Göttingen, Germany

    Gerhard Burckhardt & Birgitta Christina Burckhardt

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  1. Gerhard Burckhardt
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  2. Birgitta Christina Burckhardt
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Correspondence to Gerhard Burckhardt .

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  1. Inst. Experimentelle und Klinische, Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Fahrstr. 17, Erlangen, 91054, Germany

    Martin F. Fromm

  2. Division of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Western Ontario, Windmere Road 339, London, N6A 5A5, Ontario, Canada

    Richard B. Kim

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Burckhardt, G., Burckhardt, B.C. (2011). In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence of the Importance of Organic Anion Transporters (OATs) in Drug Therapy. In: Fromm, M., Kim, R. (eds) Drug Transporters. Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology, vol 201. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14541-4_2

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