Original contributionAntioxidant and cytotoxic tocopheryl quinones in normal and cancer cells
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2022, Food BioscienceCitation Excerpt :Both γ-TQ and δ-TQ are highly cytotoxic arylating electrophiles. Both compounds were reported to be highly cytotoxic in leukemic cells independently of their P glycoprotein status and were more potent than anthracyclines (Cornwell et al., 1998, 2002, 2003; Jones et al., 2002; Sachdeva et al., 2005; Thornton et al., 1995). α-TQ is cytotoxic against human breast adenocarcinoma cells ZR-75-1 (Cornwell et al., 1998; Jones et al., 2002; Thornton et al., 1995).
A possible role for oxidation stress in lymphoid leukaemias and therapeutic failure
2012, Leukemia ResearchOccurrence, biosynthesis and function of isoprenoid quinones
2010, Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - BioenergeticsCitation Excerpt :Moreover, it has been suggested that α-TQ functions as hydrogen acceptor in fatty acid desaturation in humans [264]. There are also data showing cytotoxic properties of α-TQ on cancer cells [265]. Recently, the structure of human supernatant protein factor (SPF) in complex with α-TQ has been resolved [266].
In vivo γ-tocopherol supplementation decreases systemic oxidative stress and cytokine responses of human monocytes in normal and asthmatic subjects
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2007, Molecular Aspects of MedicineStudies in Vitamin E: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Tocopherol Quinones
2007, Vitamins and HormonesCitation Excerpt :The mechanism of arylating tocopherol quinone‐induced cell death was investigated in a series of experiments. Studies involving transmission electron microscopy (TEM) with rapidly proliferating cells in suspension cultures showed that α‐TQ had little effect on morphology while γ‐TQ induced progressive changes, including chromatin condensation and margination, fragmentation of the nuclear membrane, and the appearance of apoptotic vesicles (Thornton et al., 1995). These morphological changes suggested that arylating tocopherol quinones stimulated apoptosis in these cells and, indeed, this was confirmed with classic apoptotic markers, including terminal deoxynucleotide transfer‐mediated dUTP nick‐end labeling (TUNEL), DNA fragmentation, annexin V binding, cytochrome c release, the cleavage of poly(ADP‐ribose)polymerase (PARP) (Jones et al., 2002), and the activation of caspase‐9, caspase‐8, followed by caspase‐3 (Calviello et al., 2003).