Journal of Ultrastructure Research
Shedding of discs from rod outer segments in the rhesus monkey1
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Sildenafil in ophthalmology: An update
2022, Survey of OphthalmologyCitation Excerpt :Fig. 2) In the rod photoreceptors growth and shedding occurs on a daily basis for renewal of rod outer segments (ROS) and is regulated by the light/dark cycle.205,210,18,209,206,113 ROS degeneration occurs in diseases such as RP in which ROS shedding rate is greater than the growth rate.129
Cholesterol in the rod outer segment: A complex role in a “simple” system
2016, Chemistry and Physics of LipidsCitation Excerpt :The Cryo-EM structures of the outer segment membranes support a model for disk morphogenesis in which basal disks are enveloped by the plasma membrane (Gilliam et al., 2012). However, it is agreed that new disks are synthesized at the base of the ROS and are displaced toward the apical tip over the course of several days (approximately 10 days in vertebrates (Young, 1971). At the apical tip old disks are shed and phagocytosed by the surrounding pigment epithelium.
Protein sorting, targeting and trafficking in photoreceptor cells
2013, Progress in Retinal and Eye ResearchCitation Excerpt :This active process requires the participation of both cell types. RPE possess microvilli that interdigitate between neighboring outer segment tips, so that one RPE cell contacts 30–50 rods and/or cones, depending on its location in the retina and the species examined (Snodderly et al., 2002; Young, 1971b). Although shedding without engulfment has never been observed (Williams and Fisher, 1987), photoreceptors likely designate membranes to be engulfed.
Extramitochondrial tricarboxylic acid cycle in retinal rod outer segments
2011, BiochimieCitation Excerpt :Disk membranes have been extensively studied for their lipid composition and sidedness. The studies from Young [39] showed that disks form as invaginations of the outer segment membrane. The disk membrane has a high content of unsaturated acyl chains conferring high fluidity and resistance to bursting [40].
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This work was supported by United States Public Health Service Grants EY 00095, EY 00444, and EY 0031. The technical assistance of Mrs. Mirdza Lasmanis, Mrs. Zoja Trirogoff, and Mr. Roger Witucki is gratefully acknowledged.