Signal transduction through lipid second messengers

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Abstract

This review emphasizes the generation of glycerolipid and sphingolipid second messengers, and their molecular targets. The role of the phosphatidylinositol transfer protein and phospholipase D in signal transmission, and the structures of the 1,2-diacylglycerol and calcium-binding sites of protein kinase C are discussed. Further, ceramide signaling through protein kinases and the role of cross-talk in the signaling of apoptosis and inflammation are addressed.

Abbreviations

CAPK ceramide-activated protein kinase
CAPP ceramide-activated protein phosphatase
DAG 1,2-diacylglycerol
IL interleukin
LPS lipopolysaccharide
LPA lysophosphatidic acid
MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase
NGF nerve growth factor
PA phosphatidic acid
PC phosphatidylcholine
PDGF platelet-derived growth factor
PH pleckstrin homology
PI phosphatidylinositol
PIP2 PI 4,5-bisphosphate
PITP phosphatidylinositol transfer protein
PKC protein kinase C
PLC phospholipase C
PLD phospholipase D
SH Src homology
SPP sphingosine 1-phosphate
TNF tumor necrosis factor

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