Autoantibodies against Cytochromes P450: Role in Human Diseases

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Autoantibodies directed against several cytochromes P450 (P450) were found in the sera of patients suffering from several types of diseases, all of which seemed to be caused by an abnormal immunological response. This chapter considers two classes of disease: (1) Those for which it has not been possible to identify a xenobiotic as the cause of the disease—namely, idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis, and Addison's disease; and (2) those for which a drug was clearly identified as the causative agent—namely, tienilic acid-induced hepatitis, and dihydralazine-induced hepatitis. For each of these diseases, the chapter presents the clinical aspects, the identification of the P450 involved, the metabolism of the drug if it has been identified, and possible mechanisms leading to the production of these antibodies. The chapter concludes with possible avenues for future research in this field, where many points still remain obscure.

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