In animal models of Parkinson’s disease (PD), the toxicity of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
(MPTP) is mediated by oxidative stress, especially by nitric oxide (NO). …

Currently, obesity is considered a systemic inflammation; however, the effects of obesity on
the vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to oxidative stress are not fully defined. We …

Metformin, the most widely prescribed drug for treatment of type 2 diabetes, has been shown
to exert significant anticancer effects. Hyperthermia has been known to kill cancer cells and …

Isoforms of the serine-threonine kinase Akt coordinate multiple cell survival pathways in
response to stimuli such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). Activation of Akt is a multistep …

NO is produced in many different cells and is involved in the regulation of such physiological
and pathophysiological processes as inflammation, vasodilation, and metabolism (1). …

Nitric oxide (NO) produced by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) plays a major role in
immune responses to bacteria and tumors, and the gene is induced by endotoxin and cytokines…

Background/Aims: The complicated differentiation processes of cells in skeletal muscle
against inflammation that induce muscle atrophy are not fully elucidated. Given that skeletal …

AIMS: Hepatic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a key role in the development of
obesity-induced insulin resistance. This study evaluated the effects of peptides from black …

Objectives To assess the effect of gender, age, and smoking habits on the in vivo activities
of CYP1A2, flavin‐containing monooxygenase (FMO), and xanthine oxidase in Korean …

Rat and human liver microsomes oxidized ranitidine to its N− oxide (66− 76%) and S− oxide
(13− 18%) and desmethylranitidine (12− 16%). N− and S− oxidations of ranitidine were …