Macroautophagy is an intracellular degradation system that utilizes the autophagosome to
deliver cytoplasmic components to the lysosome. Measuring autophagic activity is critically …

Bilirubin is taken up from blood into hepatocytes by sinosuidal membrane transporters and
then excreted into bile through the bile canalicular membrane mainly as bilirubin …

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including eicosapentaenoic acid,
docosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, display a wide range of beneficial effects in …

Although recent reports suggest that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response is
induced in association with the development of inflammatory bowel disease, its role in the …

Ulcerative colitis (UC) involves intestinal mucosal damage induced by reactive oxygen
species (ROS), in particular, superoxide anion. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) catalyzes …

Background and Aim: Numerous mutations of bilirubin uridine diphosphate‐glucuronosyltransferase
gene (UGT1A1) have been reported in patients with familial unconjugated …

Background Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common cause of chronic liver
disease worldwide and is characterized by insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and often …

Recent clinical trials of chemotherapeutics for advanced bladder cancer (BC) have shown
limited benefits. Therefore, new prognostic markers and more effective treatment strategies …

Here, we found that members of the microRNA-29 family (miR-29a/b/c; “miR-29s”) were
significantly reduced in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues, suggesting that they …

A major clinical problem encountered with the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs),
such as indomethacin, is gastrointestinal complications. Both NSAID-dependent …