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Vol. 57, Issue 6, 1104-1113, June 2000
Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (A.E., G.B.,
A.H., J.F., M.Be., M.Bi., W.R.) and Institut für Pharmakologie,
Freie Universität Berlin (W.R.), Berlin, Germany
A fusion protein consisting of the endothelin B (ETB)
receptor and the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) in
conjunction with Cyanin3- or fluorescein-conjugated endothelin 1 (Cy3-ET1, Fluo-ET1) was used to investigate the ligand-mediated
internalization of the ETB receptor. The ETB
receptor and the ETB/EGFP fusion protein displayed very
similar pharmacological properties when expressed in Chinese hamster
ovary cells. The integrity of the fusion protein was verified by low
temperature PAGE analysis of the 125I-ET1-bound
ETB receptor and the 125I-ET1-bound
ETB/EGFP fusion protein. Fluorescence microscopy of Chinese
hamster ovary cells expressing the ETB/EGFP fusion protein demonstrated strong signals at the plasma membrane. On addition of
Cy3-ET1, internalization of ligand and receptor occurred within 5 min
via a sucrose-sensitive (i.e., clathrin-mediated) pathway. On further
incubation, ETB/EGFP and Cy3-ET1 fluorescences were found
in the perinuclear region, colocalized with fluorescent low density
lipoproteins, a marker of the late endosomal/lysosomal pathway, but not
with fluorescent transferrin, a marker of the recycling pathway. No
dissociation of Cy3-ET1 from the receptor was seen within 4 h.
Using 125I-ET1 or Cy3-ET1, binding sites were again
demonstrable at the cell surface within 2 h. The reappearance of
binding sites was abolished by prior treatment of the cells with
cycloheximide, an inhibitor of protein synthesis. The data demonstrate
that the ligand-occupied ETB receptor is internalized;
however, it does not recycle like most of the G protein-coupled
receptors but is sorted to the late endosomal/lysosomal pathway in a
manner similar to that of the family of protease-activated receptors.
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